1. Basic process flow
Nekukurumidza kusimukira kweindasitiri yemazuva ano, kunyanya indasitiri yemakemikari, kune marudzi akasiyana ezvigadzirwa zverabha, asi maitiro avo ekugadzira akafanana.Maitiro ekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa kubva kune general solid rabha (raw raw) inonyanya kusanganisira:
Kugadzirira kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira → plasticization → kusanganisa → kugadzira → vulcanization → kucheka → kuongorora
2. Kugadzirira kwezvinhu zvakasvibiswa
Zvinhu zvikuru zvezvigadzirwa zverabha zvinosanganisira raw raw, compounding agents, fiber materials, uye simbi zvinhu.Pakati pavo, rabha yakasvibirira ndiyo chinhu chikuru;A compounding agent chinhu chekubatsira chakawedzerwa kuvandudza zvimwe zvinhu zvezvigadzirwa zverabha;Fiber zvinhu (donje, rineni, mvere dzemakwai, shinda dzekugadzira dzakasiyana-siyana, michina yekugadzira) uye zvinhu zvesimbi (waya yesimbi, waya yemhangura) zvinoshandiswa semarango ezvigadzirwa zverabha kuwedzera simba remechani uye kudzikamisa deformation yechigadzirwa.
Munguva yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira, zvigadzirwa zvinofanirwa kuyerwa nemazvo zvinoenderana nefomu.Kuti rabha yakasvibira uye mumiriri wekubatanidza zvisanganise zvakaenzana kune mumwe nemumwe, zvimwe zvinhu zvinoda kugadziriswa:
1. Basic process flow
Nekukurumidza kusimukira kweindasitiri yemazuva ano, kunyanya indasitiri yemakemikari, kune marudzi akasiyana ezvigadzirwa zverabha, asi maitiro avo ekugadzira akafanana.Maitiro ekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa kubva kune general solid rabha (raw raw) inonyanya kusanganisira:
Kugadzirira kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira → plasticization → kusanganisa → kuumba → vulcanization → kuzorora → kuongorora
2. Kugadzirira kwezvinhu zvakasvibiswa
Zvinhu zvikuru zvezvigadzirwa zverabha zvinosanganisira raw raw, compounding agents, fiber materials, uye simbi zvinhu.Pakati pavo, rabha yakasvibirira ndiyo chinhu chikuru;A compounding agent chinhu chekubatsira chakawedzerwa kuvandudza zvimwe zvinhu zvezvigadzirwa zverabha;Fiber zvinhu (donje, rineni, mvere dzemakwai, shinda dzekugadzira dzakasiyana-siyana, michina yekugadzira) uye zvinhu zvesimbi (waya yesimbi, waya yemhangura) zvinoshandiswa semarango ezvigadzirwa zverabha kuwedzera simba remechani uye kudzikamisa deformation yechigadzirwa.
Munguva yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira, zvigadzirwa zvinofanirwa kuyerwa nemazvo zvinoenderana nefomu.Kuti rabha yakasvibira uye mumiriri wekubatanidza zvisanganise zvakaenzana kune mumwe nemumwe, zvimwe zvinhu zvinoda kugadziriswa:
Raw mbishi inofanira kupfaviswa muimba yekuomesera ye60-70 ℃ isati yachekwa uye yatsemurwa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki;
Kuvhara sezvinowedzera zvakadai separafini, stearic acid, rosin, nezvimwewo zvinoda kupwanywa;
Kana iyo poda yakasanganiswa ine mechanical tsvina kana coarse particles, inoda kuongororwa uye kubviswa;
Liquid additives (pine tar, coumarone) inoda kudziyisa, kunyunguduka, kubuda mvura, uye kusefa tsvina;
Mushonga wekubatanidza unoda kuomeswa, kana zvisina kudaro inowanzoita clumping uye haigoni kuparadzirwa zvakaenzana panguva yekusanganiswa, zvichiita kuti mabhubhu panguva yevulcanization uye inokanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa;
3. Kunatsa
Raw rabha iri elastic uye inoshaya zvinhu zvinodiwa (plasticity) yekugadzirisa, zvichiita kuti zviome kugadzirisa.Kuti uvandudze mapurasitiki ayo, zvinodikanwa kunatsiridza rubber yakasvibirira;Nenzira iyi, musanganisi wekubatanidza anoparadzirwa nyore nyore murubha yakasvibirira panguva yekusanganiswa;Panguva imwecheteyo, panguva yekukunguruka uye kuumba maitiro, inobatsirawo kuvandudza kupera kweiyo rubber zvinhu (inopinda mumucheka wefiber) uye kuumba fluidity.Maitiro ekudzikisira mamorekuru-cheni mamorekuru erabha mbishi kuumba plasticity inonzi plasticization.Pane nzira mbiri dzekunatsa rabha mbishi: mechanical refining uye thermal refining.Mechanical plasticizing inzira yekudzikisira kushatiswa kwemamorekuru erabha marefu-cheni uye nekuashandura kubva kune yakanyungudika kuenda kune yepurasitiki nyika kuburikidza nemechani extrusion uye friction yemuchina weplasticizing pane tembiricha yakaderera.Thermoplastic refining ndiyo nzira yekuunza mhepo inopisa yakamanikidzwa murabha yakasvibirira, iyo, pasi pekuita kwekupisa neokisijeni, inosvibisa uye inopfupisa mamorekuru ane cheni refu, nekudaro achiwana plastiki.
4. Kusanganisa
Kuti ugadzirise kumamiriro akasiyana-siyana ekushandisa, zadzisa mashandiro akasiyana, uye uvandudze mashandiro ezvigadzirwa zverabha uye kuderedza mitengo, zvinodikanwa kuti uwedzere zvimwe zvinowedzera kune raw raw.Kusanganisa inzira yekusanganisa iyo plasticized raw rabha necompounding agent woiisa mumusanganisi werabha.Kuburikidza nemichina yekusanganisa, iyo inosanganisirwa mumiriri yakazara uye zvakafanana yakaparadzirwa murabha mbishi.Kusanganisa inzira yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zverubha.Kana kusanganiswa kusina yunifomu, basa rerubha uye zvinowedzera hazvigoni kushandiswa zvakakwana, izvo zvinokanganisa kushanda kwechigadzirwa.Iyo rabha zvinhu zvakawanikwa mushure mekusanganiswa, inozivikanwa seyakasanganiswa rabha, chinhu chakapedzwa-chakapedzwa chinoshandiswa kugadzira zvakasiyana siyana zvigadzirwa zverabha, zvinowanzozivikanwa serubha zvinhu.Inowanzo tengeswa sechinhu chinotengeswa, uye vatengi vanogona kugadzira uye kushatisa zvinhu zverabha kuti vagadzire zvigadzirwa zverabha zvinodiwa.Zvinoenderana neakasiyana mafomula, iyo yakasanganiswa rabha ine mutsara wemagiredhi akasiyana uye marudzi ane akasiyana zvivakwa, achipa sarudzo.
5. Kuumba
Mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zverabha, kushandiswa kwemuchina wekutenderedza kana extrusion pre kugadzira akasiyana maumbirwo uye saizi inonzi molding.Nzira dzekugadzira dzinosanganisira:
Rolling forming inokodzera kugadzira shizha rakareruka uye zvigadzirwa zvine chimiro cheplate.Inzira yekutsikirira rabha yakasanganiswa mune chimwe chimiro uye saizi yefirimu kuburikidza nemuchina wekukunguruka unonzi rolling forming.Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zverabha (senge matai, matepi, hose, nezvimwewo) zvinoshandisa textile fiber zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuputirwa nekatetepa keadhesive (inozivikanwawo sekunamira kana kupukuta pashinda), uye nzira yekupfekedza inowanzopedzwa pa rolling machine.Fiber zvinhu zvinoda kuomeswa uye kuiswa pamuviri zvisati zvakunguruka.Chinangwa chekuomesa ndechekudzikisa hunyoro hwefiber zvinhu (kudzivisa kubuda uye kubuda furo) nekuvandudza.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-09-2024
